Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie

Administracja Centralna Uczelni - Wymiana międzynarodowa (S2)

Sylabus przedmiotu Cost-Benefit Analysis and Optimisation of Business Projects in Marine Industry:

Informacje podstawowe

Kierunek studiów Wymiana międzynarodowa
Forma studiów studia stacjonarne Poziom drugiego stopnia
Tytuł zawodowy absolwenta
Obszary studiów
Profil
Moduł
Przedmiot Cost-Benefit Analysis and Optimisation of Business Projects in Marine Industry
Specjalność przedmiot wspólny
Jednostka prowadząca Katedra Mechaniki Konstrukcji
Nauczyciel odpowiedzialny Zbigniew Sekulski <Zbigniew.Sekulski@zut.edu.pl>
Inni nauczyciele
ECTS (planowane) 6,0 ECTS (formy) 6,0
Forma zaliczenia zaliczenie Język angielski
Blok obieralny Grupa obieralna

Formy dydaktyczne

Forma dydaktycznaKODSemestrGodzinyECTSWagaZaliczenie
projektyP1 30 3,50,60zaliczenie
wykładyW1 30 2,50,40zaliczenie

Wymagania wstępne

KODWymaganie wstępne
W-1Fundamentals of economics.

Cele przedmiotu

KODCel modułu/przedmiotu
C-1To give relevant knowledge for calculating and comparing benefits and costs of project or decision (hereafter, "project") in marine industry. Lecture has two purposes: (1) to determine if it is sound investment/decision (justification/feasibility) in marine industry, (2) to provide basis for comparing projects. It involves comparing total expected cost of each option against total expected benefits, to see whether benefits outweigh costs, and by how much.

Treści programowe z podziałem na formy zajęć

KODTreść programowaGodziny
projekty
T-P-1Cost-benefit analysis of the sample business project in maritime industry according the following steps – a short summary: (1) set the framework for the analysis, (2) decide whose costs and benefits should be recognized, (3) identify and categorize costs and benefits, (4) project costs and benefits over the life of the program, if applicable, (5) monetize (place a euros value on, for example) costs, (6) quantify benefits in terms of units of effectiveness, or monetize benefits, (7) discount costs and benefits to obtain present values, (8) compute a cost-effectiveness ratio (for CEA) or a net present value, (9) perform sensitivity analysis, (10) formulate conclusions and make a recommendation.28
T-P-2Evaluation of project.2
30
wykłady
T-W-1Introduction: cost benefit-analysis in marine industry.1
T-W-2Discussing of the goals that can be set for cost-benefit analysis of business projects in marine industry: (1) evaluate whether a capital investment is worth it, (2) decide whether to hire new employees, (3) determine whether a project or operating change is feasible, (3) develop a benchmark for comparing projects, (4) weigh up one business initiative against another, (5) prioritize investments, so you're focusing on the actions that return the most value first, (6) quantify the effects that a change initiative would have on stakeholders, (7) establish goals for the project itself, for example, to set time, productivity or cost restraints on a project you've analyzed and approved.4
T-W-3Discussing sample costs and benefits might be included in cost-benefit analysis in marine industry.3
T-W-4Definitions and explanations how to calculate of several measures that are typically used to summarize benefit-cost analyses: (1) Benefit/cost ratio (ratio of discounted benefits to discounted costs); (2) Net present value (discounted benefits minus discounted costs); (3) cost-effectiveness (benefits that can be obtained for a particular cost or cost of achieving a particular benefit); (4) Internal rate of return (discount rate for which the net present value of the project is 0); (5) Payback period (number of years it takes for the cumulative discounted benefits to exceed the cumulative discounted costs). The graphical representation of each measure and how these relate to each other will be also discussed.6
T-W-5Profitability examples of business projects in marine industry.3
T-W-6Financial feasibility of business projects in marine industry: introduction, feasibility calculation, feasibility example.3
T-W-7Optimisation problems buisness projects in marine industry.2
T-W-8Single- and multi-objective optimization problems in cost-benefit analysis and decision making. Methods for solving such problems (classic and heuristic methods).4
T-W-9Final comment.2
T-W-10Evaluation of knowledge2
30

Obciążenie pracą studenta - formy aktywności

KODForma aktywnościGodziny
projekty
A-P-1Participation in classes.30
A-P-2Project preparation.47
A-P-3Preparation to project evaluation.10
87
wykłady
A-W-1Class participation and active engagement for developing and refining students ability to critically and productively engage with the subjects being studied.30
A-W-2Self study.25
A-W-3Preparation to knowledge evaluation.8
63

Metody nauczania / narzędzia dydaktyczne

KODMetoda nauczania / narzędzie dydaktyczne
M-1Lectures
M-2Exercises

Sposoby oceny

KODSposób oceny
S-1Ocena podsumowująca: Students will be expected to complete written tests, projects and homework assignments as specified by the teacher.
S-2Ocena formująca: Student attendance and participation in class sessions play a vital role in successful course completion.

Zamierzone efekty uczenia się - wiedza

Zamierzone efekty uczenia sięOdniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiówOdniesienie do efektów zdefiniowanych dla obszaru kształceniaCel przedmiotuTreści programoweMetody nauczaniaSposób oceny
WM-WTMiT_2-_null_W01
Upon successful completion of this course, the students should be able to: (1) describe the purpose and objective of cost-benefit analysis and optimization; (2) determine when a cost-benefit analysis and optimization may be performed in a meaningful way; (3) present findings and recommendations related to cost-benefit analysis and optimization of industrial projects; (4) explain and utilize the concepts of cost, present value and discount cost-benefit analysis and optimization industrial projects; (5) identify the elements that may compromise the validity of the cost-benefit analysis and optimization such as limitations in modeling assumptions, limitations in data, and political concerns; (6) effectively use cost-benefit analysis and optimization for practical problems; (7) discuss the strengths and weaknesses of a specific cost-benefit analysis; (8) effectively communicate the results of the cost-benefit analysis and optimization to the relevant parties.
C-1T-W-7, T-W-4, T-W-1, T-W-3, T-W-9, T-W-2, T-W-8, T-W-6, T-W-5M-1S-1, S-2

Zamierzone efekty uczenia się - umiejętności

Zamierzone efekty uczenia sięOdniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiówOdniesienie do efektów zdefiniowanych dla obszaru kształceniaCel przedmiotuTreści programoweMetody nauczaniaSposób oceny
WM-WTMiT_2-_null_U01
The ability to use the acquired knowledge to solve practical problems.
C-1T-P-1M-2S-1, S-2

Zamierzone efekty uczenia się - inne kompetencje społeczne i personalne

Zamierzone efekty uczenia sięOdniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiówOdniesienie do efektów zdefiniowanych dla obszaru kształceniaCel przedmiotuTreści programoweMetody nauczaniaSposób oceny
WM-WTMiT_2-_null_K01
Improvement of social and personal competencies including self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, responsible decision-making and others. Encouraging dialogue and mutual respect between peoples of different nations, cultures and faiths.
C-1T-P-1M-2S-1, S-2

Kryterium oceny - wiedza

Efekt uczenia sięOcenaKryterium oceny
WM-WTMiT_2-_null_W01
Upon successful completion of this course, the students should be able to: (1) describe the purpose and objective of cost-benefit analysis and optimization; (2) determine when a cost-benefit analysis and optimization may be performed in a meaningful way; (3) present findings and recommendations related to cost-benefit analysis and optimization of industrial projects; (4) explain and utilize the concepts of cost, present value and discount cost-benefit analysis and optimization industrial projects; (5) identify the elements that may compromise the validity of the cost-benefit analysis and optimization such as limitations in modeling assumptions, limitations in data, and political concerns; (6) effectively use cost-benefit analysis and optimization for practical problems; (7) discuss the strengths and weaknesses of a specific cost-benefit analysis; (8) effectively communicate the results of the cost-benefit analysis and optimization to the relevant parties.
2,0Students performing at this level demonstrate no evidence of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course assessed at their grade level. The range for the grade of 2.0 is from 0% to 50% of the total possible score (100%).
3,0Students performing at this level demonstrate a minimal command of the knowledge and/or skills embodied by the course assessed at their grade level. The range for the grade of 3.0 is from 51% to 60% of the total possible score (100%).
3,5Below Average, Students performing at this level demonstrate a beginning command of the knowledge and/or skills embodied by the course assessed at their grade level. The range for the grade of 3.5 is from 61% to 70% of the total possible score (100%).
4,0Students performing at this level demonstrate a developing command of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course at their grade level. The range for the grade of 4.0 is from 71% to 80% of the total possible score (100%).
4,5Students performing at this level demonstrate a moderate command of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course. Students at this level are approaching the standards at their grade level. The range for the grade of 4.5 is from 81% to 90% of the total possible score (100%).
5,0Students performing at this level demonstrate a distinguished and strong command of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course. Students at this level are meeting or extending the standards at their grade level. The range for the grade of 5.0 is from 91% to 100% of the total possible score (100%).

Kryterium oceny - umiejętności

Efekt uczenia sięOcenaKryterium oceny
WM-WTMiT_2-_null_U01
The ability to use the acquired knowledge to solve practical problems.
2,0Students performing at this level demonstrate no evidence of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course assessed at their grade level. The range for the grade of 2.0 is from 0% to 50% of the total possible score (100%).
3,0Students performing at this level demonstrate a minimal command of the knowledge and/or skills embodied by the course assessed at their grade level. The range for the grade of 3.0 is from 51% to 60% of the total possible score (100%).
3,5Students performing at this level demonstrate a beginning command of the knowledge and/or skills embodied by the course assessed at their grade level. The range for the grade of 3.5 is from 61% to 70% of the total possible score (100%).
4,0Students performing at this level demonstrate a developing command of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course at their grade level. The range for the grade of 4.0 is from 71% to 80% of the total possible score (100%).
4,5Students performing at this level demonstrate a moderate command of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course. Students at this level are approaching the standards at their grade level. The range for the grade of 4.5 is from 81% to 90% of the total possible score (100%).
5,0Students performing at this level demonstrate a distinguished and strong command of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course. Students at this level are meeting or extending the standards at their grade level. The range for the grade of 5.0 is from 91% to 100% of the total possible score (100%).

Kryterium oceny - inne kompetencje społeczne i personalne

Efekt uczenia sięOcenaKryterium oceny
WM-WTMiT_2-_null_K01
Improvement of social and personal competencies including self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, responsible decision-making and others. Encouraging dialogue and mutual respect between peoples of different nations, cultures and faiths.
2,0Students performing at this level demonstrate no evidence of increased social and emotional skills, improved attitude toward self and others, improved positive social behaviors, decreased conduct problems and emotional distress.
3,0Acceptable student's achivements in increased social and emotional skills, improved attitude toward self and others, improved positive social behaviors, decreased conduct problems and emotional distress.
3,5Below average student's achivements in increased social and emotional skills, improved attitude toward self and others, improved positive social behaviors, decreased conduct problems and emotional distress.
4,0Average student's achivements in increased social and emotional skills, improved attitude toward self and others, improved positive social behaviors, decreased conduct problems and emotional distress.
4,5Above average student's achivements in increased social and emotional skills, improved attitude toward self and others, improved positive social behaviors, decreased conduct problems and emotional distress.
5,0Oustending student's achivements in increased social and emotional skills, improved attitude toward self and others, improved positive social behaviors, decreased conduct problems and emotional distress.

Literatura podstawowa

  1. Brent R.J., Applied cost-benefit analysis, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2007
  2. Boardman A.E., Cost-Benefit Analysis: concept and practice, Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 2006
  3. Pearce D.W., Cost-Benefit Analysis, Macmillan Publishers Limited, London, 1983, ISBN 978-0-333-35281-6, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17196-5

Literatura dodatkowa

  1. Gramlich E.M., A guide to benefit-cost analysis, Waveland Press, Prospect Heights, Illinois, 1998
  2. Keeney R.L., Raiffa H., Decisions with multiple objectives: preferences and value tradeoffs, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (UK), 1993

Treści programowe - projekty

KODTreść programowaGodziny
T-P-1Cost-benefit analysis of the sample business project in maritime industry according the following steps – a short summary: (1) set the framework for the analysis, (2) decide whose costs and benefits should be recognized, (3) identify and categorize costs and benefits, (4) project costs and benefits over the life of the program, if applicable, (5) monetize (place a euros value on, for example) costs, (6) quantify benefits in terms of units of effectiveness, or monetize benefits, (7) discount costs and benefits to obtain present values, (8) compute a cost-effectiveness ratio (for CEA) or a net present value, (9) perform sensitivity analysis, (10) formulate conclusions and make a recommendation.28
T-P-2Evaluation of project.2
30

Treści programowe - wykłady

KODTreść programowaGodziny
T-W-1Introduction: cost benefit-analysis in marine industry.1
T-W-2Discussing of the goals that can be set for cost-benefit analysis of business projects in marine industry: (1) evaluate whether a capital investment is worth it, (2) decide whether to hire new employees, (3) determine whether a project or operating change is feasible, (3) develop a benchmark for comparing projects, (4) weigh up one business initiative against another, (5) prioritize investments, so you're focusing on the actions that return the most value first, (6) quantify the effects that a change initiative would have on stakeholders, (7) establish goals for the project itself, for example, to set time, productivity or cost restraints on a project you've analyzed and approved.4
T-W-3Discussing sample costs and benefits might be included in cost-benefit analysis in marine industry.3
T-W-4Definitions and explanations how to calculate of several measures that are typically used to summarize benefit-cost analyses: (1) Benefit/cost ratio (ratio of discounted benefits to discounted costs); (2) Net present value (discounted benefits minus discounted costs); (3) cost-effectiveness (benefits that can be obtained for a particular cost or cost of achieving a particular benefit); (4) Internal rate of return (discount rate for which the net present value of the project is 0); (5) Payback period (number of years it takes for the cumulative discounted benefits to exceed the cumulative discounted costs). The graphical representation of each measure and how these relate to each other will be also discussed.6
T-W-5Profitability examples of business projects in marine industry.3
T-W-6Financial feasibility of business projects in marine industry: introduction, feasibility calculation, feasibility example.3
T-W-7Optimisation problems buisness projects in marine industry.2
T-W-8Single- and multi-objective optimization problems in cost-benefit analysis and decision making. Methods for solving such problems (classic and heuristic methods).4
T-W-9Final comment.2
T-W-10Evaluation of knowledge2
30

Formy aktywności - projekty

KODForma aktywnościGodziny
A-P-1Participation in classes.30
A-P-2Project preparation.47
A-P-3Preparation to project evaluation.10
87
(*) 1 punkt ECTS, odpowiada około 30 godzinom aktywności studenta

Formy aktywności - wykłady

KODForma aktywnościGodziny
A-W-1Class participation and active engagement for developing and refining students ability to critically and productively engage with the subjects being studied.30
A-W-2Self study.25
A-W-3Preparation to knowledge evaluation.8
63
(*) 1 punkt ECTS, odpowiada około 30 godzinom aktywności studenta
PoleKODZnaczenie kodu
Zamierzone efekty uczenia sięWM-WTMiT_2-_null_W01Upon successful completion of this course, the students should be able to: (1) describe the purpose and objective of cost-benefit analysis and optimization; (2) determine when a cost-benefit analysis and optimization may be performed in a meaningful way; (3) present findings and recommendations related to cost-benefit analysis and optimization of industrial projects; (4) explain and utilize the concepts of cost, present value and discount cost-benefit analysis and optimization industrial projects; (5) identify the elements that may compromise the validity of the cost-benefit analysis and optimization such as limitations in modeling assumptions, limitations in data, and political concerns; (6) effectively use cost-benefit analysis and optimization for practical problems; (7) discuss the strengths and weaknesses of a specific cost-benefit analysis; (8) effectively communicate the results of the cost-benefit analysis and optimization to the relevant parties.
Cel przedmiotuC-1To give relevant knowledge for calculating and comparing benefits and costs of project or decision (hereafter, "project") in marine industry. Lecture has two purposes: (1) to determine if it is sound investment/decision (justification/feasibility) in marine industry, (2) to provide basis for comparing projects. It involves comparing total expected cost of each option against total expected benefits, to see whether benefits outweigh costs, and by how much.
Treści programoweT-W-7Optimisation problems buisness projects in marine industry.
T-W-4Definitions and explanations how to calculate of several measures that are typically used to summarize benefit-cost analyses: (1) Benefit/cost ratio (ratio of discounted benefits to discounted costs); (2) Net present value (discounted benefits minus discounted costs); (3) cost-effectiveness (benefits that can be obtained for a particular cost or cost of achieving a particular benefit); (4) Internal rate of return (discount rate for which the net present value of the project is 0); (5) Payback period (number of years it takes for the cumulative discounted benefits to exceed the cumulative discounted costs). The graphical representation of each measure and how these relate to each other will be also discussed.
T-W-1Introduction: cost benefit-analysis in marine industry.
T-W-3Discussing sample costs and benefits might be included in cost-benefit analysis in marine industry.
T-W-9Final comment.
T-W-2Discussing of the goals that can be set for cost-benefit analysis of business projects in marine industry: (1) evaluate whether a capital investment is worth it, (2) decide whether to hire new employees, (3) determine whether a project or operating change is feasible, (3) develop a benchmark for comparing projects, (4) weigh up one business initiative against another, (5) prioritize investments, so you're focusing on the actions that return the most value first, (6) quantify the effects that a change initiative would have on stakeholders, (7) establish goals for the project itself, for example, to set time, productivity or cost restraints on a project you've analyzed and approved.
T-W-8Single- and multi-objective optimization problems in cost-benefit analysis and decision making. Methods for solving such problems (classic and heuristic methods).
T-W-6Financial feasibility of business projects in marine industry: introduction, feasibility calculation, feasibility example.
T-W-5Profitability examples of business projects in marine industry.
Metody nauczaniaM-1Lectures
Sposób ocenyS-1Ocena podsumowująca: Students will be expected to complete written tests, projects and homework assignments as specified by the teacher.
S-2Ocena formująca: Student attendance and participation in class sessions play a vital role in successful course completion.
Kryteria ocenyOcenaKryterium oceny
2,0Students performing at this level demonstrate no evidence of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course assessed at their grade level. The range for the grade of 2.0 is from 0% to 50% of the total possible score (100%).
3,0Students performing at this level demonstrate a minimal command of the knowledge and/or skills embodied by the course assessed at their grade level. The range for the grade of 3.0 is from 51% to 60% of the total possible score (100%).
3,5Below Average, Students performing at this level demonstrate a beginning command of the knowledge and/or skills embodied by the course assessed at their grade level. The range for the grade of 3.5 is from 61% to 70% of the total possible score (100%).
4,0Students performing at this level demonstrate a developing command of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course at their grade level. The range for the grade of 4.0 is from 71% to 80% of the total possible score (100%).
4,5Students performing at this level demonstrate a moderate command of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course. Students at this level are approaching the standards at their grade level. The range for the grade of 4.5 is from 81% to 90% of the total possible score (100%).
5,0Students performing at this level demonstrate a distinguished and strong command of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course. Students at this level are meeting or extending the standards at their grade level. The range for the grade of 5.0 is from 91% to 100% of the total possible score (100%).
PoleKODZnaczenie kodu
Zamierzone efekty uczenia sięWM-WTMiT_2-_null_U01The ability to use the acquired knowledge to solve practical problems.
Cel przedmiotuC-1To give relevant knowledge for calculating and comparing benefits and costs of project or decision (hereafter, "project") in marine industry. Lecture has two purposes: (1) to determine if it is sound investment/decision (justification/feasibility) in marine industry, (2) to provide basis for comparing projects. It involves comparing total expected cost of each option against total expected benefits, to see whether benefits outweigh costs, and by how much.
Treści programoweT-P-1Cost-benefit analysis of the sample business project in maritime industry according the following steps – a short summary: (1) set the framework for the analysis, (2) decide whose costs and benefits should be recognized, (3) identify and categorize costs and benefits, (4) project costs and benefits over the life of the program, if applicable, (5) monetize (place a euros value on, for example) costs, (6) quantify benefits in terms of units of effectiveness, or monetize benefits, (7) discount costs and benefits to obtain present values, (8) compute a cost-effectiveness ratio (for CEA) or a net present value, (9) perform sensitivity analysis, (10) formulate conclusions and make a recommendation.
Metody nauczaniaM-2Exercises
Sposób ocenyS-1Ocena podsumowująca: Students will be expected to complete written tests, projects and homework assignments as specified by the teacher.
S-2Ocena formująca: Student attendance and participation in class sessions play a vital role in successful course completion.
Kryteria ocenyOcenaKryterium oceny
2,0Students performing at this level demonstrate no evidence of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course assessed at their grade level. The range for the grade of 2.0 is from 0% to 50% of the total possible score (100%).
3,0Students performing at this level demonstrate a minimal command of the knowledge and/or skills embodied by the course assessed at their grade level. The range for the grade of 3.0 is from 51% to 60% of the total possible score (100%).
3,5Students performing at this level demonstrate a beginning command of the knowledge and/or skills embodied by the course assessed at their grade level. The range for the grade of 3.5 is from 61% to 70% of the total possible score (100%).
4,0Students performing at this level demonstrate a developing command of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course at their grade level. The range for the grade of 4.0 is from 71% to 80% of the total possible score (100%).
4,5Students performing at this level demonstrate a moderate command of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course. Students at this level are approaching the standards at their grade level. The range for the grade of 4.5 is from 81% to 90% of the total possible score (100%).
5,0Students performing at this level demonstrate a distinguished and strong command of the knowledge, skills, and practices embodied by the course. Students at this level are meeting or extending the standards at their grade level. The range for the grade of 5.0 is from 91% to 100% of the total possible score (100%).
PoleKODZnaczenie kodu
Zamierzone efekty uczenia sięWM-WTMiT_2-_null_K01Improvement of social and personal competencies including self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, responsible decision-making and others. Encouraging dialogue and mutual respect between peoples of different nations, cultures and faiths.
Cel przedmiotuC-1To give relevant knowledge for calculating and comparing benefits and costs of project or decision (hereafter, "project") in marine industry. Lecture has two purposes: (1) to determine if it is sound investment/decision (justification/feasibility) in marine industry, (2) to provide basis for comparing projects. It involves comparing total expected cost of each option against total expected benefits, to see whether benefits outweigh costs, and by how much.
Treści programoweT-P-1Cost-benefit analysis of the sample business project in maritime industry according the following steps – a short summary: (1) set the framework for the analysis, (2) decide whose costs and benefits should be recognized, (3) identify and categorize costs and benefits, (4) project costs and benefits over the life of the program, if applicable, (5) monetize (place a euros value on, for example) costs, (6) quantify benefits in terms of units of effectiveness, or monetize benefits, (7) discount costs and benefits to obtain present values, (8) compute a cost-effectiveness ratio (for CEA) or a net present value, (9) perform sensitivity analysis, (10) formulate conclusions and make a recommendation.
Metody nauczaniaM-2Exercises
Sposób ocenyS-1Ocena podsumowująca: Students will be expected to complete written tests, projects and homework assignments as specified by the teacher.
S-2Ocena formująca: Student attendance and participation in class sessions play a vital role in successful course completion.
Kryteria ocenyOcenaKryterium oceny
2,0Students performing at this level demonstrate no evidence of increased social and emotional skills, improved attitude toward self and others, improved positive social behaviors, decreased conduct problems and emotional distress.
3,0Acceptable student's achivements in increased social and emotional skills, improved attitude toward self and others, improved positive social behaviors, decreased conduct problems and emotional distress.
3,5Below average student's achivements in increased social and emotional skills, improved attitude toward self and others, improved positive social behaviors, decreased conduct problems and emotional distress.
4,0Average student's achivements in increased social and emotional skills, improved attitude toward self and others, improved positive social behaviors, decreased conduct problems and emotional distress.
4,5Above average student's achivements in increased social and emotional skills, improved attitude toward self and others, improved positive social behaviors, decreased conduct problems and emotional distress.
5,0Oustending student's achivements in increased social and emotional skills, improved attitude toward self and others, improved positive social behaviors, decreased conduct problems and emotional distress.