ZUT - Krajowe Ramy Kwalifikacji / Rok 0001/0001 / Wydział Ekonomiczny / Economics 28.09.2023 transfer (S1) / Accounting and Finance in Economic Entities / Sylabus przedmiotu

Wydział Ekonomiczny - Economics 28.09.2023 transfer (S1)
specjalność: Accounting and Finance in Economic Entities

Sylabus przedmiotu Ergonomics:

Informacje podstawowe

Kierunek studiów	Economics 28.09.2023 transfer
Forma studiów	studia stacjonarne	Poziom	pierwszego stopnia
Tytuł zawodowy absolwenta	licencjat
Obszary studiów	charakterystyki PRK
Profil	ogólnoakademicki
Moduł	—
Przedmiot	Ergonomics
Specjalność	przedmiot wspólny
Jednostka prowadząca	Katedra Studiów Regionalnych i Europejskich
Nauczyciel odpowiedzialny	Milena Bera <Milena.Bera@zut.edu.pl>
Inni nauczyciele
ECTS (planowane)	2,0	ECTS (formy)	2,0
Forma zaliczenia	zaliczenie	Język	polski
Blok obieralny	1	Grupa obieralna	1

Formy dydaktyczne

Forma dydaktyczna	KOD	Semestr	Godziny	ECTS	Waga	Zaliczenie
ćwiczenia audytoryjne	A	3	25	2,0	1,00	zaliczenie

Wymagania wstępne

KOD	Wymaganie wstępne
W-1	Selected aspects of knowledge in the field of microeconomics and management.

Cele przedmiotu

KOD	Cel modułu/przedmiotu
C-1	Obtaining the basics of knowledge about ergonomics. Mastering basic terms and conceptual categories.
C-2	Understanding the process of improving working conditions and improving the organization of workstations as an aspect of effective and modern management. Understanding the relationship between good workplace organization and work efficiency.
C-3	The ability to apply the assessment of the biological cost of work. Ability to assess workstations and factors that have a negative impact on work efficiency and knowledge of methods of diagnosing inefficiency of work organization.
C-4	he ability to formulate recommendations for improving the diagnosed disability of work organization and ways to reduce their effects.
C-5	Having knowledge about employer's obligations and health and safety at work requirements and the ability to combine them with ergonomics recommendations for proper and effective work organization.

Treści programowe z podziałem na formy zajęć

KOD	Treść programowa	Godziny
ćwiczenia audytoryjne
T-A-1	Subject and scope of ergonomics. Layout: human - technical object - human environment as an object of ergonomics. Ergonomics as multidisciplinary knowledge. Concept and corrective ergonomics. Workplace with a screen monitor, ergonomics of office space.	3
T-A-2	Outline of knowledge about human work. Types of work.	2
T-A-3	The biological cost of work. Analysis of the work process. Physical effort at work. Static and dynamic load at work. Physiology of mental effort, its evaluation. Physical and mental fatigue. Monotype and monotony.	3
T-A-4	Material work environment as an element of the assessment of the biological labor cost: noise, vibration, microclimate, lighting, radiation and other hazards (chemical, biological). Impact on health, work safety and work efficiency. Hazards in the workplace and protection measures.	5
T-A-5	Organization of working time, breaks at work, shift work. Participation of physiology and occupational medicine in shaping working conditions.	2
T-A-6	Psychological factors of work organization. Signal perception. Sensory abilities of a human being, relations with the human nervous system. Visual communication (graphic symbols, codes, etc.) and voice.	2
T-A-7	Psychological stress at work: sources, threats, deficit / excess of information, time deficit.	2
T-A-8	Areas of interest in modern ergonomics.	2
T-A-9	Labour protection.	2
T-A-10	Methods and techniques of ergonomic evaluation of devices. Checklists. Ergonomic analysis for occupational risk assessment in the workplace. Final test.	2
		25

Obciążenie pracą studenta - formy aktywności

KOD	Forma aktywności	Godziny
ćwiczenia audytoryjne
A-A-1	Participation in classes.	25
A-A-2	Reading materials and literature on the subject.	12
A-A-3	Preparation for the test.	13
		50

Metody nauczania / narzędzia dydaktyczne

KOD	Metoda nauczania / narzędzie dydaktyczne
M-1	Explanatory methods (story, description, anecdote, explanation).
M-2	Problem methods (problem lecture, conversational lecture, case method, didactic discussion).
M-3	Exposing methods (film, exhibition).
M-4	Programmed methods (using a computer, with the use of measuring equipment and teaching machines).
M-5	Practical methods (demonstration, subject exercises).

Sposoby oceny

KOD	Sposób oceny
S-1	Ocena formująca: Correct answers to the testing questions asked during the course are rewarded as activity and raise the final grade.
S-2	Ocena podsumowująca: Final test.

Zamierzone efekty kształcenia - wiedza

Zamierzone efekty kształcenia	Odniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiów	Odniesienie do efektów zdefiniowanych dla obszaru kształcenia	Cel przedmiotu	Treści programowe	Metody nauczania	Sposób oceny
Ec_1A_O01_W01 Knowledge of psychophysical features constituting the ability to work.	Ec_1A_W05	—	C-1, C-2	T-A-3, T-A-6, T-A-7, T-A-5, T-A-2	M-1, M-2, M-5, M-4, M-3	S-1, S-2
Ec_1A_O01_W02 The student has knowledge of instruments affecting work efficiency.	Ec_1A_W10	—	C-3, C-4	T-A-3, T-A-4, T-A-1, T-A-8, T-A-10	M-2, M-4, M-5, M-1, M-3	S-1, S-2

Zamierzone efekty kształcenia - umiejętności

Zamierzone efekty kształcenia	Odniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiów	Odniesienie do efektów zdefiniowanych dla obszaru kształcenia	Cel przedmiotu	Treści programowe	Metody nauczania	Sposób oceny
Ec_1A_O01_U01 Human resources management in such a way that at the lowest biological cost achieve the highest efficiency.	Ec_1A_U03, Ec_1A_U18	—	C-2, C-3, C-4, C-5	T-A-3, T-A-4	M-2, M-5	S-1, S-2
Ec_1A_O01_U02 The student has the ability to apply standards for shaping the material work environment.	Ec_1A_U05	—	C-1, C-2, C-4, C-5	T-A-4, T-A-3, T-A-9	M-4, M-5	S-1, S-2

Zamierzone efekty kształcenia - inne kompetencje społeczne i personalne

Zamierzone efekty kształcenia	Odniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiów	Odniesienie do efektów zdefiniowanych dla obszaru kształcenia	Cel przedmiotu	Treści programowe	Metody nauczania	Sposób oceny
Ec_1A_O01_K01 Awareness of the needs and capabilities of their and subordinate employees influences the increase of managerial and organizational skills.	Ec_1A_K02	—	C-1, C-2, C-3, C-4, C-5	T-A-2, T-A-3, T-A-5, T-A-6, T-A-7, T-A-8, T-A-1	M-1, M-2, M-5	S-1, S-2
Ec_1A_O01_K02 Has competence in the humanization of the work process.	Ec_1A_K06	—	C-2, C-5, C-3, C-4	T-A-5, T-A-3, T-A-8, T-A-6, T-A-4, T-A-7	M-2, M-4, M-5	S-1, S-2

Kryterium oceny - wiedza

Efekt kształcenia	Ocena	Kryterium oceny
Ec_1A_O01_W01 Knowledge of psychophysical features constituting the ability to work.	2,0
	3,0	He knows the psychophysical characteristics constituting the ability to work to a sufficient degree.
	3,5
	4,0
	4,5
	5,0
Ec_1A_O01_W02 The student has knowledge of instruments affecting work efficiency.	2,0
	3,0	Knows the instruments that affect job performance sufficiently.
	3,5
	4,0
	4,5
	5,0

Kryterium oceny - umiejętności

Efekt kształcenia	Ocena	Kryterium oceny
Ec_1A_O01_U01 Human resources management in such a way that at the lowest biological cost achieve the highest efficiency.	2,0
	3,0	Able to manage the human resource to achieve the highest productivity at the lowest biological cost to a sufficient degree.
	3,5
	4,0
	4,5
	5,0
Ec_1A_O01_U02 The student has the ability to apply standards for shaping the material work environment.	2,0
	3,0	Be able to apply the standards for shaping the material work environment to a sufficient degree.
	3,5
	4,0
	4,5
	5,0

Kryterium oceny - inne kompetencje społeczne i personalne

Efekt kształcenia	Ocena	Kryterium oceny
Ec_1A_O01_K01 Awareness of the needs and capabilities of their and subordinate employees influences the increase of managerial and organizational skills.	2,0
	3,0	Aware of the needs and capabilities of his/her own and subordinate employees, he/she influences to increase managerial and organizational competence to a sufficient degree.
	3,5
	4,0
	4,5
	5,0
Ec_1A_O01_K02 Has competence in the humanization of the work process.	2,0
	3,0	Aware of the importance of humanizing the work process to a sufficient degree.
	3,5
	4,0
	4,5
	5,0

Literatura podstawowa

Collective work, Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics, Wiley; 4 edition (March 13, 2012), 2012, ISBN-13: 978-0470528389
Neville A Stanton, Human Factors Methods, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013, ISBN: 1409457540
R.S. Bridger, Introduction to Ergonomics, CRC Press, 2013, ISBN13: 9780849373060
https://www.iea.cc/, International Ergonomics Association, Internet, 2019, www site with all problems concerning ergonomics

Literatura dodatkowa

Gavriel Salvendy, Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics, JohnWiley&Sons, 2006, ISBN13: 9780471449171

Treści programowe - ćwiczenia audytoryjne

KOD	Treść programowa	Godziny
T-A-1	Subject and scope of ergonomics. Layout: human - technical object - human environment as an object of ergonomics. Ergonomics as multidisciplinary knowledge. Concept and corrective ergonomics. Workplace with a screen monitor, ergonomics of office space.	3
T-A-2	Outline of knowledge about human work. Types of work.	2
T-A-3	The biological cost of work. Analysis of the work process. Physical effort at work. Static and dynamic load at work. Physiology of mental effort, its evaluation. Physical and mental fatigue. Monotype and monotony.	3
T-A-4	Material work environment as an element of the assessment of the biological labor cost: noise, vibration, microclimate, lighting, radiation and other hazards (chemical, biological). Impact on health, work safety and work efficiency. Hazards in the workplace and protection measures.	5
T-A-5	Organization of working time, breaks at work, shift work. Participation of physiology and occupational medicine in shaping working conditions.	2
T-A-6	Psychological factors of work organization. Signal perception. Sensory abilities of a human being, relations with the human nervous system. Visual communication (graphic symbols, codes, etc.) and voice.	2
T-A-7	Psychological stress at work: sources, threats, deficit / excess of information, time deficit.	2
T-A-8	Areas of interest in modern ergonomics.	2
T-A-9	Labour protection.	2
T-A-10	Methods and techniques of ergonomic evaluation of devices. Checklists. Ergonomic analysis for occupational risk assessment in the workplace. Final test.	2
		25

Formy aktywności - ćwiczenia audytoryjne

KOD	Forma aktywności	Godziny
A-A-1	Participation in classes.	25
A-A-2	Reading materials and literature on the subject.	12
A-A-3	Preparation for the test.	13
		50

(*) 1 punkt ECTS, odpowiada około 30 godzinom aktywności studenta

Pole	KOD	Znaczenie kodu
Zamierzone efekty kształcenia	Ec_1A_O01_W01	Knowledge of psychophysical features constituting the ability to work.
Odniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiów	Ec_1A_W05	He / she knows and understands at an advanced level the place and role of man as an entity creating and acting in socio-economic structures and the regularities related to their functioning
Cel przedmiotu	C-1	Obtaining the basics of knowledge about ergonomics. Mastering basic terms and conceptual categories.
Cel przedmiotu	C-2	Understanding the process of improving working conditions and improving the organization of workstations as an aspect of effective and modern management. Understanding the relationship between good workplace organization and work efficiency.
Treści programowe	T-A-3	The biological cost of work. Analysis of the work process. Physical effort at work. Static and dynamic load at work. Physiology of mental effort, its evaluation. Physical and mental fatigue. Monotype and monotony.
	T-A-6	Psychological factors of work organization. Signal perception. Sensory abilities of a human being, relations with the human nervous system. Visual communication (graphic symbols, codes, etc.) and voice.
	T-A-7	Psychological stress at work: sources, threats, deficit / excess of information, time deficit.
	T-A-5	Organization of working time, breaks at work, shift work. Participation of physiology and occupational medicine in shaping working conditions.
	T-A-2	Outline of knowledge about human work. Types of work.
Metody nauczania	M-1	Explanatory methods (story, description, anecdote, explanation).
	M-2	Problem methods (problem lecture, conversational lecture, case method, didactic discussion).
	M-5	Practical methods (demonstration, subject exercises).
	M-4	Programmed methods (using a computer, with the use of measuring equipment and teaching machines).
	M-3	Exposing methods (film, exhibition).
Sposób oceny	S-1	Ocena formująca: Correct answers to the testing questions asked during the course are rewarded as activity and raise the final grade.
Sposób oceny	S-2	Ocena podsumowująca: Final test.
Kryteria oceny	Ocena	Kryterium oceny
	2,0
	3,0	He knows the psychophysical characteristics constituting the ability to work to a sufficient degree.
	3,5
	4,0
	4,5
	5,0

Pole	KOD	Znaczenie kodu
Zamierzone efekty kształcenia	Ec_1A_O01_W02	The student has knowledge of instruments affecting work efficiency.
Odniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiów	Ec_1A_W10	He / she knows and understands at an advanced level the concepts and methods of managing economic processes and human capital as well as the links between the areas and functions of management in socio-economic entities
Cel przedmiotu	C-3	The ability to apply the assessment of the biological cost of work. Ability to assess workstations and factors that have a negative impact on work efficiency and knowledge of methods of diagnosing inefficiency of work organization.
Cel przedmiotu	C-4	he ability to formulate recommendations for improving the diagnosed disability of work organization and ways to reduce their effects.
Treści programowe	T-A-3	The biological cost of work. Analysis of the work process. Physical effort at work. Static and dynamic load at work. Physiology of mental effort, its evaluation. Physical and mental fatigue. Monotype and monotony.
	T-A-4	Material work environment as an element of the assessment of the biological labor cost: noise, vibration, microclimate, lighting, radiation and other hazards (chemical, biological). Impact on health, work safety and work efficiency. Hazards in the workplace and protection measures.
	T-A-1	Subject and scope of ergonomics. Layout: human - technical object - human environment as an object of ergonomics. Ergonomics as multidisciplinary knowledge. Concept and corrective ergonomics. Workplace with a screen monitor, ergonomics of office space.
	T-A-8	Areas of interest in modern ergonomics.
	T-A-10	Methods and techniques of ergonomic evaluation of devices. Checklists. Ergonomic analysis for occupational risk assessment in the workplace. Final test.
Metody nauczania	M-2	Problem methods (problem lecture, conversational lecture, case method, didactic discussion).
	M-4	Programmed methods (using a computer, with the use of measuring equipment and teaching machines).
	M-5	Practical methods (demonstration, subject exercises).
	M-1	Explanatory methods (story, description, anecdote, explanation).
	M-3	Exposing methods (film, exhibition).
Sposób oceny	S-1	Ocena formująca: Correct answers to the testing questions asked during the course are rewarded as activity and raise the final grade.
Sposób oceny	S-2	Ocena podsumowująca: Final test.
Kryteria oceny	Ocena	Kryterium oceny
	2,0
	3,0	Knows the instruments that affect job performance sufficiently.
	3,5
	4,0
	4,5
	5,0

Pole	KOD	Znaczenie kodu
Zamierzone efekty kształcenia	Ec_1A_O01_U01	Human resources management in such a way that at the lowest biological cost achieve the highest efficiency.
Odniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiów	Ec_1A_U03	He / she can plan and organise individual work and cooperate with other people as part of team activities
Odniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiów	Ec_1A_U18	He / she can evaluate his / her actions in terms of their economic, financial, legal and moral effects
Cel przedmiotu	C-2	Understanding the process of improving working conditions and improving the organization of workstations as an aspect of effective and modern management. Understanding the relationship between good workplace organization and work efficiency.
	C-3	The ability to apply the assessment of the biological cost of work. Ability to assess workstations and factors that have a negative impact on work efficiency and knowledge of methods of diagnosing inefficiency of work organization.
	C-4	he ability to formulate recommendations for improving the diagnosed disability of work organization and ways to reduce their effects.
	C-5	Having knowledge about employer's obligations and health and safety at work requirements and the ability to combine them with ergonomics recommendations for proper and effective work organization.
Treści programowe	T-A-3	The biological cost of work. Analysis of the work process. Physical effort at work. Static and dynamic load at work. Physiology of mental effort, its evaluation. Physical and mental fatigue. Monotype and monotony.
Treści programowe	T-A-4	Material work environment as an element of the assessment of the biological labor cost: noise, vibration, microclimate, lighting, radiation and other hazards (chemical, biological). Impact on health, work safety and work efficiency. Hazards in the workplace and protection measures.
Metody nauczania	M-2	Problem methods (problem lecture, conversational lecture, case method, didactic discussion).
Metody nauczania	M-5	Practical methods (demonstration, subject exercises).
Sposób oceny	S-1	Ocena formująca: Correct answers to the testing questions asked during the course are rewarded as activity and raise the final grade.
Sposób oceny	S-2	Ocena podsumowująca: Final test.
Kryteria oceny	Ocena	Kryterium oceny
	2,0
	3,0	Able to manage the human resource to achieve the highest productivity at the lowest biological cost to a sufficient degree.
	3,5
	4,0
	4,5
	5,0

Pole	KOD	Znaczenie kodu
Zamierzone efekty kształcenia	Ec_1A_O01_U02	The student has the ability to apply standards for shaping the material work environment.
Odniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiów	Ec_1A_U05	He / she is able to correctly use the norms and legal and organisational rules in order to solve a specific task in the field of economics and finance
Cel przedmiotu	C-1	Obtaining the basics of knowledge about ergonomics. Mastering basic terms and conceptual categories.
	C-2	Understanding the process of improving working conditions and improving the organization of workstations as an aspect of effective and modern management. Understanding the relationship between good workplace organization and work efficiency.
	C-4	he ability to formulate recommendations for improving the diagnosed disability of work organization and ways to reduce their effects.
	C-5	Having knowledge about employer's obligations and health and safety at work requirements and the ability to combine them with ergonomics recommendations for proper and effective work organization.
Treści programowe	T-A-4	Material work environment as an element of the assessment of the biological labor cost: noise, vibration, microclimate, lighting, radiation and other hazards (chemical, biological). Impact on health, work safety and work efficiency. Hazards in the workplace and protection measures.
	T-A-3	The biological cost of work. Analysis of the work process. Physical effort at work. Static and dynamic load at work. Physiology of mental effort, its evaluation. Physical and mental fatigue. Monotype and monotony.
	T-A-9	Labour protection.
Metody nauczania	M-4	Programmed methods (using a computer, with the use of measuring equipment and teaching machines).
Metody nauczania	M-5	Practical methods (demonstration, subject exercises).
Sposób oceny	S-1	Ocena formująca: Correct answers to the testing questions asked during the course are rewarded as activity and raise the final grade.
Sposób oceny	S-2	Ocena podsumowująca: Final test.
Kryteria oceny	Ocena	Kryterium oceny
	2,0
	3,0	Be able to apply the standards for shaping the material work environment to a sufficient degree.
	3,5
	4,0
	4,5
	5,0

Pole	KOD	Znaczenie kodu
Zamierzone efekty kształcenia	Ec_1A_O01_K01	Awareness of the needs and capabilities of their and subordinate employees influences the increase of managerial and organizational skills.
Odniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiów	Ec_1A_K02	He / she is ready to correctly identify and resolve dilemmas related to the profession
Cel przedmiotu	C-1	Obtaining the basics of knowledge about ergonomics. Mastering basic terms and conceptual categories.
	C-2	Understanding the process of improving working conditions and improving the organization of workstations as an aspect of effective and modern management. Understanding the relationship between good workplace organization and work efficiency.
	C-3	The ability to apply the assessment of the biological cost of work. Ability to assess workstations and factors that have a negative impact on work efficiency and knowledge of methods of diagnosing inefficiency of work organization.
	C-4	he ability to formulate recommendations for improving the diagnosed disability of work organization and ways to reduce their effects.
	C-5	Having knowledge about employer's obligations and health and safety at work requirements and the ability to combine them with ergonomics recommendations for proper and effective work organization.
Treści programowe	T-A-2	Outline of knowledge about human work. Types of work.
	T-A-3	The biological cost of work. Analysis of the work process. Physical effort at work. Static and dynamic load at work. Physiology of mental effort, its evaluation. Physical and mental fatigue. Monotype and monotony.
	T-A-5	Organization of working time, breaks at work, shift work. Participation of physiology and occupational medicine in shaping working conditions.
	T-A-6	Psychological factors of work organization. Signal perception. Sensory abilities of a human being, relations with the human nervous system. Visual communication (graphic symbols, codes, etc.) and voice.
	T-A-7	Psychological stress at work: sources, threats, deficit / excess of information, time deficit.
	T-A-8	Areas of interest in modern ergonomics.
	T-A-1	Subject and scope of ergonomics. Layout: human - technical object - human environment as an object of ergonomics. Ergonomics as multidisciplinary knowledge. Concept and corrective ergonomics. Workplace with a screen monitor, ergonomics of office space.
Metody nauczania	M-1	Explanatory methods (story, description, anecdote, explanation).
	M-2	Problem methods (problem lecture, conversational lecture, case method, didactic discussion).
	M-5	Practical methods (demonstration, subject exercises).
Sposób oceny	S-1	Ocena formująca: Correct answers to the testing questions asked during the course are rewarded as activity and raise the final grade.
Sposób oceny	S-2	Ocena podsumowująca: Final test.
Kryteria oceny	Ocena	Kryterium oceny
	2,0
	3,0	Aware of the needs and capabilities of his/her own and subordinate employees, he/she influences to increase managerial and organizational competence to a sufficient degree.
	3,5
	4,0
	4,5
	5,0

Pole	KOD	Znaczenie kodu
Zamierzone efekty kształcenia	Ec_1A_O01_K02	Has competence in the humanization of the work process.
Odniesienie do efektów kształcenia dla kierunku studiów	Ec_1A_K06	He / she is ready to effectively carry out the assigned tasks while taking into account ethical principles
Cel przedmiotu	C-2	Understanding the process of improving working conditions and improving the organization of workstations as an aspect of effective and modern management. Understanding the relationship between good workplace organization and work efficiency.
	C-5	Having knowledge about employer's obligations and health and safety at work requirements and the ability to combine them with ergonomics recommendations for proper and effective work organization.
	C-3	The ability to apply the assessment of the biological cost of work. Ability to assess workstations and factors that have a negative impact on work efficiency and knowledge of methods of diagnosing inefficiency of work organization.
	C-4	he ability to formulate recommendations for improving the diagnosed disability of work organization and ways to reduce their effects.
Treści programowe	T-A-5	Organization of working time, breaks at work, shift work. Participation of physiology and occupational medicine in shaping working conditions.
	T-A-3	The biological cost of work. Analysis of the work process. Physical effort at work. Static and dynamic load at work. Physiology of mental effort, its evaluation. Physical and mental fatigue. Monotype and monotony.
	T-A-8	Areas of interest in modern ergonomics.
	T-A-6	Psychological factors of work organization. Signal perception. Sensory abilities of a human being, relations with the human nervous system. Visual communication (graphic symbols, codes, etc.) and voice.
	T-A-4	Material work environment as an element of the assessment of the biological labor cost: noise, vibration, microclimate, lighting, radiation and other hazards (chemical, biological). Impact on health, work safety and work efficiency. Hazards in the workplace and protection measures.
	T-A-7	Psychological stress at work: sources, threats, deficit / excess of information, time deficit.
Metody nauczania	M-2	Problem methods (problem lecture, conversational lecture, case method, didactic discussion).
	M-4	Programmed methods (using a computer, with the use of measuring equipment and teaching machines).
	M-5	Practical methods (demonstration, subject exercises).
Sposób oceny	S-1	Ocena formująca: Correct answers to the testing questions asked during the course are rewarded as activity and raise the final grade.
Sposób oceny	S-2	Ocena podsumowująca: Final test.
Kryteria oceny	Ocena	Kryterium oceny
	2,0
	3,0	Aware of the importance of humanizing the work process to a sufficient degree.
	3,5
	4,0
	4,5
	5,0